The word ROSI is an abbreviation of the words "Round Spermatid Injection". The first applications of the ROSI technique started in 1995, but the first applications were not successful. The ROSI technique was reintroduced in 2009 by Dr. Tanaka in Japan and pregnancy was achieved with the method they developed. The ROSI technique has become a hope for men who have no sperm in the semen (azoospermia) and cannot obtain sperm from the testicles surgically.
ROSI treatment is started on the 2nd day of menstruation with egg stimulation injections of the woman after the urology and gynecology examination of the spouses, if there is no obstacle to treatment, like standard IVF treatment. On the day of egg collection, Micro TESE is performed on the man. The sperm cells taken with micro TESE are examined in the laboratory. The first aim here is to find mature sperm cells. After hours of examination by experienced andrologists, mature spermatozoa are collected, if any, and round and elongated spermatids are collected if there are no mature spermatozoa.
Some of the collected spermatids are frozen for later use in the ROSI application. The most important point here is to distinguish round spermatids with 23 chromosomes from other sperm cells with 46 chromosomes. The oocytes/eggs obtained from the woman are stimulated with a method called piezoeletric and made ready to interact with the sperm and then the round/elongated spermatids are placed into the egg by microinjection method. Fertilization takes place approximately 17-24 hours after microinjection.
The development of the embryo (fertilized egg) is monitored for the next 3 to 5 days and the embryo(s) with the best quality are transferred to the uterus of the expectant mother. The remaining embryos are frozen. After the embryo transfer is completed, the pregnancy is expected to occur in about twelve days. The pregnancy process with the ROSI technique generally continues the same as a normal pregnancy. In this process, expectant mothers should pay attention to their nutrition, should not go beyond the recommendations given by the doctor, and should definitely consult a doctor's advice in cases where medication should be used. If pregnancy does not occur, ROSI can be applied again in the following months by frozen embryo transfer or thawing the frozen spermatids and collecting eggs from the expectant mother.
